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Kopskudding In Perde
Kopskudding In Perde

Video: Kopskudding In Perde

Video: Kopskudding In Perde
Video: Lo más Perturbador que verás en toda la saga de Jurassic Park 2024, Mei
Anonim

Kopskuddingsindroom by perde

Normaal

onwaar

onwaar

onwaar

EN-VS

X-GEEN

X-GEEN

MicrosoftInternetExplorer4

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Ernstige kopskudding by perde is 'n patologiese gedrag. Alhoewel sommige kopskuddings normaal is, soos in 'n instrument om insekte te ontsnap of selfs uitbundigheid, opgewondenheid of frustrasie is, word hierdie gedrag by perde as abnormaal beskou as dit normale aktiwiteite soos ry of eet begin inmeng.

Simptome

Perde met kopskuddings kan hul koppe horisontaal (van kant tot kant) of vertikaal (op en af) skud. Eersgenoemde word dikwels gekoppel aan irritasie van insekte of oorprobleme, terwyl laasgenoemde meer aanduidend kan wees van 'n gedragsprobleem. Perde wat hul kop buitensporig skud as gevolg van insekte, doen soveel meer gereeld in die somermaande. In ander gevalle, as die kopskudding te wyte is aan die wrewel van die ruiter of toom, mag die perd net kopskud terwyl hy gery word.

Tekens wat gepaard gaan met kopskudding kan insluit:

  • Uiterste agitasie
  • Snork
  • Gooi kop
  • Geweldige skud of ruk van die kop of nek
  • Afvee van die neus op die grond of bene

Oorsake

Dit kan moeilik wees om die oorsaak van kopskudding by u perd te identifiseer, aangesien daar baie verskillende oorsake kan wees, asook ander oorsake wat nog nie bevestig is nie. In sommige van die moeiliker gevalle is daar teorieë dat die perd ekstra sensitief vir lig kan wees of chroniese pyn van 'n senuwee in die gesig kan hê wat 'n tinteling veroorsaak.

In baie gevalle word kopskudding nie aan enige spesifieke oorsaak toegeskryf nie, maar enkele van die meer tipiese oorsake sluit in:

  • Allergiese reaksie (bv. Allergieë vir gras, boom of stuifmeel)
  • Erge irritasie in sommige dele van die kop
  • Oormyte wat in die oorkanaal voorkom

Diagnose

'N Diagnose van kopskudding is voor die hand liggend; dit is die onderliggende toestand wat die probleem oplewer. 'N Veearts kan enige van die toetse uitvoer om hierdie diagnose te kry en uit te vind wat die kopskudding kan veroorsaak. In baie gevalle kan 'n oorsaak van kopskudding nooit gevind word nie.

Behandeling

Behandeling is nie altyd moontlik as dit by kopskudding kom nie. Daar is 'n paar pogings aangewend om die probleem chirurgies te behandel deur die senuwees in die neusgate te verander, maar dit veroorsaak dat ook ander sensasies in hierdie gebied uitgeskakel word. Dit kan negatiewe gevolge hê vir die perd. Dit is egter 'n aansienlike behandeling vir kopskudding van buitensporige omvang. Oormyte kan redelik maklik behandel word met aktuele medisyne. Rhinitis (of ontsteking en infeksie in die neus) kan sistemiese antibiotika benodig. As die kopskudding as gedragsmatig beskou word, kan heropleiding met 'n professionele afrigter help.

Aanbeveel: